Glycosaminoglycan Free Chains

Glycosaminoglycan Chains and Axon Regeneration

Specific sensory input to neocortex arrives in layer 4, whereas nonspecific input, such as information about salience or novelty, is thought to arrive in layer 1. This scheme might imply a slower arrival of inputs to layer 1. In this issue, Zhu and Zhu examine this question using paired whole-cell recording in vivo from layer 1 nonpyramidal cells and the dendrites of the output pyramidal neuron...

Synthesis of Fluorophore-Tagged Xylosides That Prime Glycosaminoglycan Chains

Biosynthesis and functions of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains are complex and remain elusive. To better understand the factors that regulate the biosynthesis and functions, fluorophore-tagged xylosides carrying two different linkages between fluorophore and xylose residue were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to prime GAG chains such as heparan sulfate (HS), chondroitin sulfate (CS), ...

Glycosaminoglycan chains of biglycan promote bone morphogenetic protein-4-induced osteoblast differentiation.

Biglycan (BGN) has been reported to promote bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) stimulated osteoblastic differentiation. However, the underlying mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated. The glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains of BGN have a variety of biological functions. In the present study, we explored the potential role of the GAG chains of BGN in promoting BMP-4-induced osteoblast differentia...

LC-MS and LC-MS/MS studies of incorporation of 34SO3 into glycosaminoglycan chains by sulfotransferases.

The specificities of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) modification enzymes, particularly sulfotransferases, and the locations and concentrations of these enzymes in the Golgi apparatus give rise to the mature GAG polysaccharides that bind protein ligands. We studied the substrate specificities of sulfotransferases with a stable isotopically labeled donor substrate, 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate....

Recognition and Presentation of Cartilage Proteoglycan (Aggrecan) in Antigen Critical Roles of Glycosaminoglycan Side Chains